The plant has been reported to possess a wide range of traditional medicinal uses including in diabetes, leprosy, common cold, cough, asthma, bronchitis, jaundice, joint pain, cancer, toothache and wound.
Indrayan Phal, with many common names
including colocynth, bitter apple, bitter cucumber, desert gourd, egusi, vine
of Sodom, or wild gourd, is a desert viny plant native to the Mediterranean
Basin and Asia, especially Turkey (especially in regions such as Izmir), and
Nubian.
Perennial trailing herbs with somewhat woody
tuberous root; stems shortly hairy when young becoming scabrid. Tendrils
simple, rarely bifid, slender, glabrous. Leas alternate, elongate-ovate in
outline, 10-60 (-110) mm long, 8-55 (-66) mm broad, distinctly scabrid-hairy beneath,
smooth except on the nerves above, palmately deeply 3-5-lobed, ultimate lobes
pinnately lobulate with central lobe longest, long-ovate in outline; petiole
rather densely rough-hairy; protracts lanceolate-elliptic, 4-5 mm long and c.
l. 5 mm broad, caducous. Indrayan Phal
Citrullus colocynthis L. is a desert plant,
distributed in different parts of the world from Asia to Europe, used
traditionally as a purgative and analgesic. It is also popular in PM for its
anti diabetic effects. The efficacy of C. colocynthis on diabetes mellitus and
its complications is evaluated in multiple studies. Forty seven animal studies
and six clinical trials on C. colocynthis and diabetes are reviewed in a
separate chapter. These studies showed that C. colocynthis can significantly
improve fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and lipids of patient.
Indrayan Phal Benefits:
Indrayan Phal is used to treat diabetes, since
it may be able to induce insulin secretion from the pancreas after
supplementation, while reducing blood glucose and improving lipid levels.
Preliminary evidence suggests a topical
application of Bitter Apple may stimulate hair growth, with an effect
comparable to finasteride, a male pattern baldness drug. More evidence is
needed to confirm this effect.
Even low doses (100mg, taken three times) of
Citrullus colocynthis can cause diarrhea, while higher doses (1,500 mg) can
cause colonic inflammation and rectal bleeding. These side-effects stop once
supplementation is ceased.
Since the bioactive compounds in Bitter
Apple are still unknown, and even low-dose supplementation is associated
with intestinal side-effects, Citrullus colocynthis is not recommended for oral
supplementation.
Indrayan Phal was reported in multiple ethno
pharmacologic studies from different part of the world as a traditional remedy
for a variety of diseases including gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal,
neurological, cardiovascular, and respiratory disorders also, diabetes
mellitus.
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